This research report delves into the multifaceted issue of violent extremism (VE) in Kwale County, Kenya. It underscores the county’s vulnerability due to its unique geographical location, socioeconomic challenges, and historical grievances. The report identifies various extremist groups, including separatist movements, Al-Shabaab, and the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), as significant threats. It also highlights the rise of juvenile gangs, driven by frustration, drug use, mental health issues, and the allure of quick money and power, which contribute to the escalating violence and insecurity in the County. The report emphasises the complex interplay between local gangs and violent extremism, with concerns about potential recruitment and support from extremist elements. The broader context of juvenile crime reveals a concerning trend of external influences and the exploitation of vulnerable youth. The consequences of this crisis are evident in the heightened insecurity, drug abuse, and fear that have permeated daily life in Kwale.

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